Position of the judges of the Slovak Republic to the June 4, 2104 amendment of the Slovak Constitution
On June 4, 2014 the National Council of the Slovak Republic approved an amendment to the Slovak Constitution. This amendment introduces the possibility to recall judges from their office by means other than a valid convicting judgement or a decision by the disciplinary panel.
Pursuant to Article 147 part 1 of the Constitution: “The President of the Slovak Republic shall also recall a judge from office if the Judicial Council of the Slovak Republic shall propose so; shall the judge fail to meet the prerequisites of the judge´s eligibility that guarantee proper execution of the office based on a valid resolution of the Judicial Council of the Slovak Republic pursuant to Article 154d, part 1 or based on a valid ruling by the Constitutional Court that has dismissed the complaint pursuant to Article 154d, part 2.”
Pursuant to Article 154d, part 1 of the Slovak Constitution: “The prerequisites for a judge´s eligibility that guarantee proper performance of the office also apply to judges appointed to office before September 1, 2014. Pursuant to the first sentence, the position on the eligibility of judges appointed to the office before September 2014 is taken through a resolution of the Judicial Council, based on the documents collected by the state bodies securing the protection of confidential information and the judge´s statement. The details of the decision-making processes of the Judicial Council whether the prerequisites for the judge´s eligibility that guarantee proper execution of the office were fulfilled, including the form in which the judge may make a statement regarding the documents shall be established by law.“
The implementing bills to the amended Constitution (that have not yet been passed) propose that the documentation requested by the Slovak Judicial Council shall be collected by the National Security Office (hereinafter only the “NSO“), based on the clearance of individual judges by the Police Corps, Slovak Intelligence Service or the Military Intelligence Service, along with information from other state bodies, legal entities and natural persons.
We, the undersigned judges, consider the June 4 amendment to the Slovak Constitution as contradictory to the principles of rule of law with respect to the judiciary, anchored in the very Constitution of the Slovak Republic, and breaching the basic European standards applied to the independence of judges and the judiciary as a whole. Recognizing our accountability and our duties as judges pursuant to Section 30, part 2 (b) of Act No. 385/2000, we reject this direct interference by executive and legislative powers into the judiciary, as directly jeopardizing the independence of judiciary in Slovakia.
Pursuant to Article 141, part 1, 2 of the Slovak Constitution: “Justice in the Slovak Republic is administered by independent and impartial courts. Justice at all levels is administered independently from other state bodies.” This quoted provision directly guarantees the independence of judges while requiring them to be impartial. The independent functioning of the judiciary is guaranteed by the separation of judicial power from all other forms of public powers, and an independent judiciary cannot exist without independent judges. The independence of judges allows the judges to make decisions without any de jure or de facto influences on the judges’ executing of their office or their subordination in performing their office to anybody else. The independence of judges is not a privilege of the judiciary but a vital prerequisite for impartial and fair trials. Thus, it is a right of all parties to court trials and, by extension, a right of a citizen as the source of power in a democratic society.
The Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe CM/Rec (2010)12 from November 17, 2010 set forth the following:
“...The purpose of independence, as laid down in Article 6 of the Convention, is to guarantee every person the fundamental right to have their case decided in a fair trial, on legal grounds only and without any improper influence.The independence of individual judges is safeguarded by the independence of the judiciary as a whole. As such, it is a fundamental aspect of the rule of law….”[1]
[...] Internal independence: “The principle of judicial independence means the independence of each individual judge in the exercise of adjudicating functions. In their decision making judges should be independent and impartial and able to act without any restriction, improper influence, pressure, threat or interference, direct or indirect, from any authority, including authorities internal to the judiciary. Hierarchical judicial organisation should not undermine individual independence”[2].
[...] External independence: “The external independence of judges is not a prerogative or privilege granted in judges’ own interest but in the interest of the rule of law and of persons seeking and expecting impartial justice. The independence of judges should be regarded as a guarantee of freedom, respect for human rights and impartial application of the law [...]”[3]
The terms of office of judges: “[...] A permanent appointment should only be terminated in cases of serious breaches of disciplinary or criminal provisions established by law [...][4].
[1]Recommendation CM/Rec(2010)12 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on judges: independence, efficiency and responsibilities, Chapter I, General aspects, point 3, 4
[2]Recommendation CM/Rec(2010)12 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on judges: independence, efficiency and responsibilities, Chapter III, Internal independence, point 22
[3]Recommendation CM/Rec(2010)12 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on judges: independence, efficiency and responsibilities, Chapter II, External Independence, point 11,
[4]Recommendation CM/Rec(2010)12 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on judges: independence, efficiency and responsibilities, Chapter VI, Status of the Judge, point 50
Respective parts of the June 4 amendment to the Constitution of the Slovak Republic breach the principles above because:
They introduce inadmissible retroactivity applicable to judges appointed to office prior to September 1, 2014 as they change the eligibility requirements that the judges had to comply with prior to appointment to their offices.
From the perspective of division of powers, the National Security Office, Police Corps, Slovak Intelligence Service and the Military Intelligence Service that are to perform the so-called security clearance of judges’ eligibility represent the executive power of the state, directly subordinated to the ruling political parties or their coalitions. It is important to note that judges decide on cases on a daily basis where one of the parties can be the state, represented by its bodies and institutions, including the National Security Office or the Police Corps, while it will be those very state institutions that will be involved in the security clearance of judges. The unacceptable presumption of collective guilt of all judges in the respective parts of the amendment to the Slovak Constitution allows these bodies to follow and monitor the judges and collect information about their private lives that is not related to their judicial decision making. This information on family and personal relations of a judge may be misused against him/her at any time even if it does not disqualify him/her from the judicial office. Thus, judges may be potentially blackmailed, especially in relation to cases that involve the interests of the state or its institutions. If the performance in a judicial office is dependent on information that is screened by bodies subordinate to the executive power, the principle of impartiality and independence of a judge from “anybody else” is severely breached. Regarding the security clearance of the judges of Slovakia’s Special Court, the finding of the Slovak Constitutional Court No. PL ÚS 17/2008 principally concludes that when it comes to examining so-called security accountability of the judges, the National Security Office is not bound by the legal procedure that fulfils the requirements of a fair trial and it does not need to base its decisions on exclusively clearly-proven conclusions. However, it is authorized to challenge the legality and legitimacy of the judge´s office, which breaches the individual independence of a judge, pursuant to Article 144, part 1 of the Constitution of the Slovak Republic.
Further proceedings against judges based upon the documentation prepared by the National Security Office also create doubts when it comes to their potential recall from the office only based on a proper and fair trial. The documentation prepared by the National Security Office is to be reviewed by the Judicial Council, partially consisting of judges who will also be subject to an equivalent clearance by the NSO and thus may end up in a conflict of interest. Additionally, the respective judges will not have the opportunity to raise objections against judges who are members of the Council due to the fixed membership in the Council during the functional period; while the public character of the process or the predictability of decisions in such cases is not guaranteed either. The assessment criteria for the documentation collected by the NSO, its credibility and method of potential presentation of evidence, the possibilities for a judge to rebut operatively-collected allegations or other procedural rights of the judges in such proceedings likewise are not clear. The recalling of judges from their office outside of a proper disciplinary proceedings cannot be validated even by an appeal at the Constitutional Court regarding the complaint of a respective judge against the decision of the Slovak Judicial Council on failing eligibility prerequisites since the basic proceedings at the Judicial Council against the judge do not comply with the legal prerequisites for a fair trial by an impartial and independent body. The above represents a direct breach of a quoted principle for recalling judges from office only based on a decision made in disciplinary or criminal provisions.
We consider the statement of the authors of the approved amendment that the president of the Slovak Republic will have the final say when recalling a judge from office to be misleading. The wording of Article 147 part 1 of the Slovak Constitution states: “Upon the proposal of the Judicial Council, the president of the Slovak Republic recalls also a judge who fails to comply with the judge´s eligibility criteria.” This implies that the president has a constitutional duty to recall a judge from office based on a valid decision of the Slovak Judicial Council or the Constitutional Court that are legally binding. Thus, the prerequisites for implementing the finding of the Constitutional Court No. PL.ÚS 4/2012 from October 24, 2012 that regulate the president´s right not to appoint a candidate elected by the National Council into the position of General Prosecutor do not apply to this case.
Due implementation of Act No. 385/2000 on Judges and the Penal Code safeguards punishing any behaviour or action of a judge through a disciplinary or criminal procedure, i.e. behaviour that shall be subject to a security clearance by the National Security Office introduced by the objected provisions of the Constitution. This Position is by no means to protect the judges who should not be members of the judiciary for the above reasons (such as failing the eligibility requirements). To the contrary. We do support and advocate for an individual action against justifiably suspicious judges as stipulated by the amendment of the Constitution in Article 141, point 10. In such cases, the loss of prerequisites for judge´s eligibility while serving in office shall be decided upon by a disciplinary panel. These provisions sufficiently guarantee any necessary removal of members of the Slovak judiciary, with no need to adopt objectionable provisions.
Thus, we shall defend our independence through all domestic legal instruments and international guarantees to which the Slovak Republic committed itself prior to its accession to the European Union.
Bratislava, June 11, 2014
The judges of the Regional Court in Bratislava, presenting this Position discussed at the plenary session of this court on June 11, 2014, address all the judges in the Slovak Republic to support this position with their consent:
Katarína Javorčíková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Marián Trenčan, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Roman Huszár, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Juraj Považan, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Darina Kuchtová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Edita Szabová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Judita Kokolevská, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Barbora Barteková,judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Blanka Podmajerská, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Petra Príbelská PhD., judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Ayše Pružinec Erenová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Zuzana Posluchová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Jana Vlčková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Roman Bolebruch, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Degmová Pospíšilová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Magdaléna Floreková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Michaela Frimelová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Bianka Gelačíková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Mária Hajdinová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Monika Holická, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Milan Chalupka, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Valéria Kleinová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Ondrej Krajčo, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Branislav Král, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Blanka Malichová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Ľuboš Sádovský, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Alena Svetlovská, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Katarína Štrignerová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Anna Križáková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Dáša Filová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Nora Majerníková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Vlastimil Pavlikovský, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Peter Pospech, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Viera Šebestová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Ľubomír Šramko, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Milota Tóthová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Monika Valašiková, PhD., judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Renáta Janáková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Magdaléna Blažová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Kamil Ivánek, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Karol Kováč, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Tibor Kubík, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Iveta Zelenayová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Oľga Bahníková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Andrea Haitová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Blažena Hirnerová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Miroslava Janečková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Helena Kosorínová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Ľubica Krišková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Elena Kúšová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Danica Michalková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Lýdia Noskovičová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Elena Ondrišová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Tatiana Pastieriková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Soňa Pekarčíková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Lenka Praženková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Beáta Trandžíková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Štefan Zelenák, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Janka Gažovičová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Zuzana Molnárová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Martin Murgaš, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Ľubica Břoušková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
JUDr. Beáta Jurgošová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
JUDr. Jarmila Glončáková, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Temporarily assigned judges:
Marián Degma, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Zuzana Mališová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Marcela Kosová, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Peter Šamko, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
Danica Veselovská, judge, Regional Court of Bratislava
The Position was supported also by the judges at the Regional Courtin Žilina at their plenary meeting on June 18, 2014 .
The Position was supported also by the judges at the Regional Courtin Trenčín at their plenary meeting on June 17, 2014 .
The Position was supported also by the judges at the District Court in Komárno at their plenary meeting on June 18, 2014 .
The Position was supported also by the judges at the District Court inTopoľčany at their plenary meeting.
The Position was supported also by the judges at the Regional Courtin Trnava at their plenary meeting on June 24, 2014 .
The Position was supported also by the judges at the District Court inČadca at their plenary meeting on June 25, 2014.
The Position was supported by the judges at the Regional Court in Košice at their plenary meeting on June 18, 2014 who have issued in parallel their own position to the amendment.
A similar position was adopted by the plenary of the Supreme Court of the Slovak Republic on June 10, 2014.
This Position has also been supported by the following judges from the District and Regional courts in the Slovak Republic:
Daša Onuferová, judge, District Court Bratislava III
Katarína Škultétyová, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Peter Straka, judge, Regional Court Prešov
Marek Kotora, judge, District Court Michalovce
Marián Vorobel, judge, District Court Prešov
Zita Matyóová, judge, Regional Court Nitra
Walterová Silvia, judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Iveta Willantová, judge, District Court Bratislava V
Iveta Halvoňová, judge, District Court Bratislava III
Beata Bizoňová, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Viera Hadrbulcová, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Vladimír Buchvald, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Jaroslav Kanderka, judge, District Court Prešov
Marek Mikulcik, judge, District Court Prievidza
Dagmar Buchalová, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Eva Malíková, judge, Regional Court Žilina
Oľga Tatranská, judge, District Court Košice District
Alena Roštárová, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Eva Franková, judge, District Court Trebišov
Monika Školníková, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Iveta Wildeová, judge, District Court Prešov
Dušan Kán, judge, District Court Košice II
Andrea Vyskočová, judge, District Court Trnava
Erika Némethová Stiffelová, judge, District Court Bratislava V
Katarína Fakanová, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Helena Hausleitnerová, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Daniel Miženko, judge, District Court Galanta
Beata Gešvantnerová, judge, District Court Prievidza
Zdenka Zamecová, judge, District Court Trnava
Róbert Veterník, judge, District Court Martin
Igor Malý, judge, District Court Trnava
Arpád Koreň, judge, District Court Rožňava
Rastislav Sikorjak, judge, District Court Prešov
Dana Macášková, judge, District Court Trnava
Alena Káčeriková, judge, District Court Martin
Andrea Tomašovičová, judge, District Court Trnava
Miroslava Maláriková, judge, District Court Trnava
Radoslav Lacko, judge, District Court Košice 1
Jarmila Jurkovičová, judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Martin Kolesár, judge, District Court Košice II
Eva Šišková, judge, District Court Nitra
Mária Tóthová, judge, District Court Trenčín
Milan Mitterpák, judge, District Court Michalovce
Gabriela Brišková, judge, District Court Liptovský Mikuláš
Jozef Ryant, judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Milan Trylč, judge, District Court Senica
Edita Kušnírová, judge, District Court Rožňava
Juraj Lehotsky, judge, District Court Zvolen.
Michaela Pacherová, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Patrícia Železníková, judge, District Court Bratislava I
David Lindtner, judge, District Court Pezinok
Erika Čanádyová, judge, Regional Court Žilina
František Zelený, judge, District Court Poprad
Roman Majerský, judge, District Court Pezinok
Andrea Sedlačková, judge, District Court Pezinok
Anton Jaček, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Beata Farkašová, judge, District Court Bratislava III
Patrik Príbelský, judge, District Court Trnava
Eva Jombíková, judge, District Court Zvolen
Jana Kovalčíková , judge, District Court Zvolen
Zoltán Boros, judge, District Court Rimavská Sobota
Marián Mačura, judge, District Court Prešov
Zuzana Bajlová, , judge, District Court Liptovský Mikuláš
Marián Jančovič, judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Miroslav Studenčan, judge, District Court Galanta
Miroslav Dobrík, judge, District Court Martin
Štefan Baláž, , judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Miroslav Krištofík, judge, District Court Galanta
Ivan Alman, judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Daniela Mamráková, , judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Miriam Plavčáková, , judge, District Court Bratislava I
Viera Malinowska, judge, District Court Malacky
Eva Šajmovičová, judge, District Court Bratislava V
Gabriela Sobolovská, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Ing. Ján Gandžala, PhD., judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Jana Hanzlíková, judge, District Court Trnava
Zita Leimbergerová, , judge, District Court Bratislava V
Tatiana Buchvaldová, judge, District Court Bratislava III
Taťána Poláková, judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Jozef Mikluš, judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Zuzana Rigáňová, judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Dana Šiffalovičová, judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Eva Behranová, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Natália Kolláriková, judge, District Court Bratislava V
Terézia Mecelová, judge, District Court Piešťany
Pamela Záleská, , judge, District Court Nitra
D ana Tvrdá, judge, District Court Piešťany
Mária Špániková, judge, District Court Pezinok
Daniela Kotrecová, judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Karol Rihák, judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Tibor Gál, judge, District Court Brezno
Pavel Rohárik, judge, District Court Banská Bystrica
Miriam Oswaldová, judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Sendecký Slavoj, judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Zuzana Doricová, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Ivona Hrčeková, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Attila Csaba, judge, District Court Komárno
Zuzana Moťovská Dobošová, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Slavomír Ivanecký, judge, District Court Bardejov
Alena Mazúrová, judge, District Court Košice I
Antónia Kandravá , judge, Regional Court Prešov
Gazdačková Mária, judge, District Court Martin
Dana Farkášová, judge, District Court Prešov
Alojz Palaj, judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Peter Rajňák , predseda District Court Pezinok
Anna Vargová, judge, District Court Prešov
Mario Dubaň, judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Alexandra Osadská, judge, District Court Nitra
Daniela Bergerová, judge, District Court Bratislava V
Mária Klepancová, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Anna Ilčinová, judge, Regional Court Prešov
Janka Mičková, judge, District Court Košice II
Roman Farkaš Phd, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Štefan Tomašovský, judge, District Court Prešov
Oľga Nižňanská, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Branislav Gazdag, judge, District Court Košice I
Eliška Wagshalová, judge, District Court Prešov
Helena Loduhová, judge, chairperson, District Court Považská Bystrica
Róbert Jankovský, vice-chairperson District Court Považská Bystrica
Libor Kysucký, judge, District Court Považská Bystrica
Anna Kutišová, judge, District Court Považská Bystrica
Katarína Krivulčíková, judge, District Court Považská Bystrica
Silvia Kysucká, judge, District Court Považská Bystrica
Júlia Stuhlmann-Podobová, judge, District Court Považská Bystrica
Ivo Hlucháň, judge, District Court Považská Bystrica
Miroslav Číž, judge, District Court Považská Bystrica
Ladislav Vašut, judge, District Court Považská Bystrica
Jana Tamášiová, judge, District Court Bratislava V
Jozef Nadzam, , judge, District Court Trebišov
Rudolf Ďurta, judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Eva Vašková, judge, Regional Court Trenčín
Beáta Svediaková, judge, District Court Žilina
Zuzana Bartalská, judge, District Court Bratislava V
Roman Benedikovič, judge, District Court Bratislava V
Ingrid Šimonová, judge, District Court Piešťany
Iveta Šnapková, judge, District Court Banská Bystrica
Eva Kmeťová, judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Rastislav Pella, judge, District Court Košice II
Eva Baranová, judge, Regional Court Košice
Zuzana Korčeková, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Ivan Bartek, judge, District Court Bratislava III
Marta Šašinková, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Ján Hrubala, judge, Specialized Criminal Court Pezinok
Michaela Krajčová, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Marek Čech, judge, District Court Prešov
Vladimír Kozáčik, judge, District Court Žilina
Peter Pulman, judge, District Court Banská Bystrica
Branislav Lečko, judge, District Court Žilina
Rastislav Jakubovič, judge, District Court Galanta
Martin Žovinec, judge, District Court Trnava
Ján Šulaj, judge, District Court Lučenec
Viera Ulacká, judge, District Court Bratislava V
Ivana Jahnová , judge, District Court Bratislava V
Patricia Skotnická, , judge, District Court Bratislava I
Daniela Rajňáková, judge, District Court Nové Zámky
Karol Posluch, judge, District Court Bratislava V
Hana Posluchová, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Eva Sláviková, judge, Regional Court Prešov
Sylvia Szabadošová, judge, District Court Prešov
Renáta Šulajová, judge, District Court Lučenec
Lucia Chrapková, Ph.D., judge, District Court Piešťany
Pavol Tomáš, judge, District Court Banská Bystrica
Peter Lukáč, judge, District Court Žiar nad Hronom
Miloš Kolek, judge, Regional Court v Prešove
Dagmar Snopeková, judge, District Court Topoľčany
Ferdinand Zimmermann, judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Iveta Puškášova, judge, District Court Košice district
Roman Fitt, judge, District Court Bratislava III
Zuzana Gajerová, judge, District Court Pezinok
Ľubica Novotná, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Maroš Fekete, judge, , District Court Bratislava III
Mária Čechovičová, judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Ida Takáčová, judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Nora Vladová, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Eva Bieliková, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Michal Valent, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Dušan Pagáč, judge, District Court Martin
Milan Konček, judge, Regional Court Košice
Iveta Žišková, judge, District Court Liptovský Mikuláš
Alena Čakváriová, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Myrtill Vojteková, judge, District Court Galanta
Slavomír Cimerman, judge, District Court Veľký Krtíš
Marta Kamenská, judge, District Court Veľký Krtíš
Dagmar Komadová, judge, District Court Veľký Krtíš
Elena Petrusová, judge, District Court Veľký Krtíš
Eva Strašková, judge, District Court Veľký Krtíš
Ján Šulgan, judge, District Court Veľký Krtíš
Mária Jačeková Sziegel, judge, District Court Dunajská Streda
Ľuboš Szigeti, judge, District Court Galanta
Michal Kačáni, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Gabriela Dúbravková, judge, District Court Žilina
Stanislav Dutko, judge, District Court Bratislava 1
Ľudovít Majerčík, judge, chairperson of District Court Komárno
Angela Balázsová, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Jozef Mačej, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Michaela Štiglicová, judge, District Court Pezinok
Zátopková Nora, judge, District Court Martin
Milan Staněk, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Iveta Jankovičová, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Radovan Groman, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Ľubica Bundzelová, judge, District Court Galanta
Darina Dobošová, judge, District Court Košice II
Ľubomír Bundzel, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Pavol Laczo, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Murgašová Marta, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Magdaléna Balážová, judge, District Court Lučenec
Donnerová Gabriela judge, District Court Bratislava II
Marianna Hosťovecká, judge, District Court Galanta
Jozef Kuruc, judge, Regional Court Košice
Ján Bobor, judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Andrej Matušovic, judge, District Court Žiar nad Hronom
Jarmila Bíliková, judge, District Court Skalica
Pavol Sladok, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Róbert Foltán, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Mária Tvrdíková, judge, District Court Svidník
Zuzana Levkušová, judge, District Court Michalovce
Ivo Parada, judge, District Court Svidník
Alica Gálová , judge, District Court Brezno
Ivana Fekete, judge, District Court Bratislava III
Vladimír Tencer, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Stanislava Bezáková, judge, District Court Bratislava 1
Hana Hubináková, judge, District Court Trenčín
Martin Baran, judge, District Court Prešov
Miriam Štillová, judge, District Court Martin
František Čisovský, judge, District Court Košice II
Patrik Števík, judge, District Court Bratislava 2
Mária Cifrová, judge, District Court Lučenec
Katarína Červenková, judge, District Court Lučenec
Andrea Gabrielová, judge, District Court Lučenec
Stanislav Galovič, judge, District Court Lučenec
Mikuláš Géczi, judge, District Court Lučenec
Kristina Glezgová, judge, District Court Lučenec
Tatiana Kovácsová, judge, District Court Lučenec
Ladislav Lóška, judge, District Court Lučenec
Miroslav Račko, judge, District Court Lučenec
Peter Straka, judge, District Court Lučenec
Juraj Szököl, judge, District Court Lučenec
Eva Triznová, judge, District Court Lučenec
Bibiána Ťažiarová, judge, District Court Trnava
Adriana Simkova, judge, Okresny sud Malacky
Zuzana Bálintová, judge, District Court Zvolen
Lubomír Bušík PhD., judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Michal Dzurdzík, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Zuzana Kučerová, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Zlata Mrázová, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Ivo Maruščák, judge, District Court Svidník
Dana Káčerová, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Burkušová Agáta, judge, District Court Košice II
Andrej Mitterpák, judge, District Court Košice 1
Daniela Mitterpáková, judge, Regional Court Košice
Mariana Ginelliová, judge, District Court Košice district
Ľubica Adamčíková, judge, District Court Košice district
Katarína Ondrejáková, judge, District Court Malacky
Eva Vékonyová, judge, District Court Trenčín
Táňa Veščičiková, judge, Regional Court Košice
Mária Kováčiková, judge, District Court Banská Bystrica
Mária Ondriašová, judge,District Court Bratislava I
Anna Kašajová, judge, District Court Bratislava 1
arta Rybárová, judge,District Court Trenčín
Anna Majeriková, judge, District Court Žilina
Valent Igor, judge,District Court Žiar nad Hronom
Katarína Jusková, judge,District Court Košie II
Kristína Valková, judge, District Court Senica
Stella Al Khufash, judge, District Court Senica
Ľubica Nemcová , judge, District Court Košice District
Dagmar Mlejová, judge, District Court Košice District
Viliam Hlaváč, judge, District Court Rožňava
Jarmila Dušáková, judge, District Court Rožňava
Iveta Farkašovská, judge, District Court Rožňava
Marta Hrenčuková, judge, District Court Rožňava
Agnesa Hvastová, judge, District Court Rožňava
Katarína Janečková, judge, District Court Rožňava
Ján Gallo, judge, District Court Rožňava
Marián Tengely, District Court Rožňava
Ivana Dufalová, judge, District Court Bratislava III
Kontríková Daša, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Daniela Šramelová, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Peter Zachar, judge, District Court Rimavská Sobota
Ivan Antal, judge, District Court Rimavská Sobota
Ján Bodnár, judge, District Court Rimavská Sobota
Alena Ondrejová, judge, District Court Rimavská Sobota
Adriana Dulovičová, District Court Rimavská Sobota
Eva Čipková, judge, District Court Rimavská Sobota
Ivan Ďalak, judge, District Court Rimavská Sobota
Alica Žingorová, judge, District Court Rimavská Sobota
Alžbeta Marková, judge, District Court Rimavská Sobota
Martina Koreňová, judge, District Court Rimavská Sobota
Viera Kvetková, judge, District Court Rimavská Sobota
Margita Žilková, judge, District Court Rimavská Sobota
Andrea Kralovičová, judge, District Court Malacky
Monika Farkašová, judge, District Court Nitra
Viera Sláviková, judge, District Court Senica
Jana Třešková, judge, District Court Senica
Ľudmila Škvaridlová, judge, District Court Prievidza
Dagmar Valocká, judge, District Court Trnava
Drahomír Mrva, judge, District Court Žilina
Jana Scholtzová, judge, District Court Žilina
Katarína Zajacová, judge, District Court Prievidza
Božena Michaláčová, judge, District Court Skalica
Eva Tulejová, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Lea Švrčeková, judge, District Court Košice District
Andrej Kekely, judge, District Court Žilina
Rudolf Čirč, judge, The Supreme Court of the Slovak Republic
Ján Jamrich, judge, District Court Bratislava I
Antónia Salayová, judge, District Court Dunajská Streda
Viera Milatová,PhD., judge, District Court Bratislava V
Jaroslav Ivan, judge, District Court Piešťany
Mária Podhorová, judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Jamrišková Mária, PhD., judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Martin Smolko, judge, District Court Trnava
Mária Piusová, judge, District Court Senica
Stanislav Sojka, PhD., judge, District Court Michalovce
Martin Holič, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Ingrid Daxner, judge, District Court Pezinok
Beata Vrťová, judge, District Court Banská Bystrica
Katarína Benczová, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Jozef Šutka, judge, Specialized Criminal Court Banská Bystrica
Kristina Ferencziova, judge, District Court Galanta
Mariana Philadelphyová, judge District Court Zvolen
Andrea Galdunová,judge, District Court Košice II
Katarína Šimková, judge, District Court Trenčín
Slavomír Harmóci, judge, District Court Michalovce
Jana Dubivská, judge, District Court Bardejov
Zita Nagypálová, judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Ivica Hanusková, judge, Regional Court Banská Bystrica
Marián Kurinec, judge,District Court Bratislava III
Ľubomíra Krchníková, judge, District Court Pezinok
Jana Berešová, judge, District Court Trebišov
Ladislav Bujňák, judge, District Court Trebišov
Eliška Čonková, judge, District Court Trebišov
Eva Franková, judge, District Court Trebišov
Gabriela Fuchsová, judge, District Court Trebišov
Milan Jurko, judge, District Court Trebišov
Monika Koščová, judge, District Court Trebišov
Helena Kuzmová, judge, District Court Trebišov
Zuzana Miklošová, judge, District Court Trebišov
Ján Miľko, judge, District Court Trebišov
Jozef Nadzam, judge, District Court Trebišov
Edita Pavková, judge, District Court Trebišov
Milan Petričko, judge, District Court Trebišov
Viera Petrová, judge, District Court Trebišov
Marián Sopoliga, judge, District Court Trebišov
Eva Vargová, judge, District Court Trebišov
Jeanette Kostolanská, judge, District Court Bratislava III
Daniel Koneracký, judge, District Court Žiar nad Hronom
Lea Stovičková, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Ivan Šimek, judge, District Court Skalica
Ľuboslava Vanková, judge, District Court Trnava
Libuša Záthurecká, judge, District Court Banská Bystrica,
Eva Benčová, judge, District Court Banská Bystrica
Andrea Dudášová, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Alica Ružbárska, judge, District Court Bratislava II
Vladimír Pribula, judge, Regional Court Nitra
Renáta Gavalcová, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Erika Bebčáková, judge, District Court Žilina
Marcela Malatká, judge, District Court Žilina
Viera Kukučková, judge, District Court Bratislava III
Silvia Hýbelová, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Zlatica Javorová, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Michal Kubiš, judge, District Court Bratislava IV
Dušan Čimo, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Ľubica Spálová, judge, Regional Court Trnava
Martina Valentová, judge,Regional Court Trnava
Peter Hvizdoš, judge, District Court Trenčín
Jana Krnáčová, judge, District Court Zvolen
Ľudmila Ostrolucká, judge, District Court Zvolen
Emil Klemanič, judge, Specialized Criminal Court Pezinok
Mária Sitárová, judge, District Court Nitra
Zuzana Bezáková, judge, District Court Nitra
Jana Coborivá, judge, District Court Nitra
Paulína Pacherová, judge, District Court Bratislava II
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